Shloka 19

Makara-vyūha and Krauñca-prativyūha at Sunrise (मकरव्यूहः क्रौञ्चप्रतिव्यूहश्च)

Devanagari script

एवमुक्‍्त्वा तव पिता तूष्णीमासीदू्‌ विशाम्पते । व्यसर्जयच्च राजानं शयनं च विवेश ह

Transliteration

evam uktvā tava pitā tūṣṇīm āsīd viśāmpate | vyasarjayac ca rājānaṃ śayanaṃ ca viveśa ha ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：“说罢此言，你父之长者毗湿摩便沉默不语，噢，民众之主。随后他遣退国王（难敌），自己亦退入榻上安歇。”

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• उक्त्वा: having said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral), non-finite

• तव: of you/your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive, singular

• पिता: father
• पिता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• तूष्णीम्: silently
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूष्णीम्

• आसीत्: was/remained
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

• विशाम्: of the people/subjects
• विशाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्
• Form: feminine, genitive, plural

• पते: O lord
• पते: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• व्यसर्जयत्: dismissed/sent away
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज्
• Form: imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada, वि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• राजानम्: the king
• राजानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• शयनम्: bed; lying down
• शयनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शयन
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विवेश: entered; went into
• Type: Verb
• Root: विश्
• Form: perfect (लिट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada, वि

• ह: indeed (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Bhīṣma
• Duryodhana
• śayana (bed/resting place)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

After offering principled counsel, a wise elder may choose silence and withdrawal; the ruler must then exercise agency and accept accountability for the ethical outcomes of his decisions.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma, having finished speaking, becomes silent, dismisses Duryodhana, and goes to rest—signaling the end of counsel and the transition back to the king’s responsibility to act.