Shloka 60

Arjuna’s Advance toward Bhīṣma; The Gāṇḍīva’s Signal and the Armies’ Convergence (भीष्माभिमुखगमनम् — गाण्डीवनिर्घोष-ध्वजवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

ते चान्ये चोदिता नागा राक्षसैस्तैर्महाबलै:

Transliteration

te cānye coditā nāgā rākṣasais tair mahābalaiḥ

Translation

三阇耶说道：其他那伽勇士也在那些大力罗刹的煽动下被驱使投入战斗——这表明在战争的动荡中，强势的挑唆者足以推动即便强悍可畏的存在走向暴力与冲突的升级。

Word by Word

• ते: they/those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अन्ये: others
• अन्ये: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उदिता: arisen/roused
• उदिता: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नागाः: serpents (Nāgas)
• नागाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• राक्षसैः: by the rākṣasas/demons
• राक्षसैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तैः: by those
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• महाबलैः: very strong/mighty
• महाबलैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाबल
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Nāgas
• Rākṣasas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical danger of incitement: when powerful agents provoke others, responsibility for violence becomes shared, and even strong groups can be swept into destructive action through external prompting.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that additional Nāga forces were stirred up and set in motion by mighty Rākṣasas, indicating an intensification of hostile activity through the intervention of powerful, fearsome beings.