Vāsudeva-Māhātmya: Duryodhana’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Theological Account of Keśava
व्याविद्धनिष्काड्गदकुण्डलं त॑ रजोविकीर्णाञ्चितपदमनेत्रम् । विशुद्धदंष्ट॑ प्रगृहीतशड्खं विचुक्रुशु: प्रेक्ष्य कुरुप्रवीरा:
sañjaya uvāca |
vyāviddha-niṣkāḍa-gadā-kuṇḍalaṃ taṃ rajo-vikīrṇāñcita-padma-netram |
viśuddha-daṃṣṭraṃ pragṛhīta-śaṅkhaṃ vicukruśuḥ prekṣya kuru-pravīrāḥ ||
三阇耶说道:见到他——项链、臂钏与耳环随动作而摇曳;军阵扬起的尘土散落在他莲华般的双目之上;齿列洁白明净;法螺牢牢握于手中——俱卢军中最杰出的勇士们望之,顿时喧嚣大作,呼声震天。
संजय उवाच
The verse highlights how outward signs of composure and sacred emblems (like the conch) can carry moral and psychological force in a crisis: Krishna’s poised presence amid the dust of war becomes a catalyst that exposes the agitation and resolve of the opposing warriors. It suggests that dharma on the battlefield is not only about weapons but also about inner steadiness and the symbols that rally or unsettle minds.
Sanjaya describes Krishna as he appears on the battlefield—ornaments swaying, eyes dusted, teeth shining, conch in hand. On seeing him in that state, the leading Kuru (Kaurava) heroes raise a loud clamor, signaling heightened tension and the immediate escalation of battlefield emotion.