Shloka 9

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ६२: वासुदेवमहात्म्यप्रशंसा (देव–ब्रह्मसंवादः)

Devanagari script

सात्यकिस्तु रथं त्यक्त्वा वर्तमाने भयावहे । अभिमन्यो रथं तूर्णमारुरोह परंतप:

Transliteration

sātyakis tu rathaṁ tyaktvā vartamāne bhayāvahe | abhimanyo rathaṁ tūrṇam āruroha parantapaḥ ||

Translation

桑阇耶说：在那场骇人的战斗中，战势正酣，萨底耶迦舍弃了自己的战车，迅速登上阿毗曼纽的战车——他乃焚灼敌军者。

Word by Word

• सात्यकिः: Sātyaki
• सात्यकिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• त्यक्त्वा: having abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• वर्तमाने: while (it was) going on
• वर्तमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्
• Form: शानच् (present active participle), Neuter, Locative, Singular

• भयावहे: in the fearsome (battle)
• भयावहे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयावह
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अभिमन्योः: of Abhimanyu
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिमन्यु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• तूर्णम्: swiftly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्णम्

• आरुरोह: mounted/ascended
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुह्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• परंतपः: the foe-tormenter (epithet of Sātyaki)
• परंतपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: परंतप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Sātyaki
• Abhimanyu
• chariot
• battle (ongoing war)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

In the midst of danger, one should act decisively to uphold one’s duty: abandoning what is no longer functional (a broken chariot) and continuing the righteous task with presence of mind, courage, and solidarity with allies.

What is happening in the narrative?

During a terrifying phase of the battle, Sātyaki leaves his own chariot and quickly boards Abhimanyu’s chariot so he can remain engaged in combat and support the allied effort.