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Shloka 466

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

सम्मोहयामास स तान्‌ कालान्तकयमोपम: । उस रणदक्षेत्रमें गजारूढ़ होकर युद्ध करनेवाले योद्धाओंके मस्तकोंको अपनी तीखी धारवाली तलवारसे काटते हुए वे अकेले ही क्रोधमें भरकर पैदल विचरते और शत्रुओंके भयको बढ़ाते थे। उन्होंने प्ररयकालीन यमराजके समान भयंकर रूप धारण करके उन सबको भयसे मोहित कर दिया था

sañjaya uvāca | sammohayāmāsa sa tān kālāntaka-yamopamaḥ |

三阇耶说:他使众人尽皆迷乱,形貌宛如阎摩——终结时劫者。战阵最密之处,他怒火炽盛,独自徒步驰突,益增敌军恐惧——以锋刃锐利之剑斩落那些乘象作战的勇士之首。又现出如世界毁灭之际死神般的可怖形相,使他们陷入惊惶与迷惘。

सम्मोहयामासhe bewildered/infatuated
सम्मोहयामास:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + मुह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), परोक्षभूत/कथन-भूत (periphrastic perfect sense), प्रथम, एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
कालान्तक-यम-उपमःlike Yama, the ender at the time of death
कालान्तक-यम-उपमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकालान्तक + यम + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yama
K
kālāntaka (time-ender aspect)
B
battlefield (raṇakṣetra)
E
elephants (gaja)
S
sword (asi/khaḍga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear and confusion can decide outcomes in war: a warrior’s terrifying presence and relentless action can break the enemy’s morale. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s stark portrayal of kṣatriya duty—valor and violence are shown with their psychological and mortal consequences, using Yama imagery to stress the inevitability of death in battle.

Sañjaya describes a single warrior moving on foot in a rage, cutting down even elephant-mounted fighters with a sharp sword. His dreadful, death-like appearance overwhelms opponents, making them panic and lose composure, as if Yama himself had appeared at the end of time.