Shloka 30

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

Devanagari script

ततो द्रोणं महेष्वासं गाड़ेयस्य प्रिये रतम्‌

Transliteration

tato droṇaṃ maheṣvāsaṃ gāḍeyasya priye ratam

Translation

于是，三阇耶谈及大弓手德罗那，说他正虔诚投身于迦陀耶所喜之事——这表明德罗那在战事铺陈之际，已与那位人物同心同向，积极追逐其所珍重的目标。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (तस्मात्/ततः = then/thereafter)

• द्रोणम्: Drona (as object)
• द्रोणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• महेष्वासम्: the great archer
• महेष्वासम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महेष्वास
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (द्रोणम् इति विशेषणम्)

• गाडेयस्य: of Gādeya
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाडेय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रिये: in/with regard to what is dear (in the beloved matter)
• प्रिये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रिय
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• रतम्: delighting in, devoted to
• रतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (द्रोणम् इति विशेषणम्); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (√रम्)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Droṇa
• Gāḍeya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line foregrounds how a warrior’s conduct in war is shaped by allegiance and commitment—being 'rata' (devoted/engaged) in what is 'priya' (dear) to an associated leader or cause—raising ethical reflection on loyalty as a driving force in dharmic and adharmic outcomes.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya continues his battlefield narration by pointing out Droṇa, describing him as a mighty archer and indicating that he is actively engaged in pursuing what is dear to 'Gāḍeya', i.e., acting in alignment with that person’s favored aim or side in the conflict.