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Shloka 19

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

तथैव कृतवर्मा च कृप: शल्यश्न मारिष । विद्ध्वा नाकम्पयत्‌ कार्ष्णि मैनाकमिव पर्वतम्‌

tathaiva kṛtavarmā ca kṛpaḥ śalyas tathaiva ca, viddhvā nākampayat kārṣṇiṃ mainākam iva parvatam.

三阇耶说道:同样,克利多伐摩、克利波与沙利耶——纵以箭矢射中迦尔什尼(奎师那之子)——也不能使他动摇;他如迈那迦山一般岿然不动。此偈强调战士在攻袭之下的坚忍:内在的决心与受纪律约束的勇气,胜过肉身的创痛,承受着战场的道德重压。

तथाthus, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कृतवर्माKṛtavarmā
कृतवर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृतवर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृपःKṛpa
कृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शल्यःŚalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकम्पयत्shook, made to tremble
अकम्पयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकम्प्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कार्ष्णिम्the son of Kṛṣṇa (Pradyumna)
कार्ष्णिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्ष्णि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मैनाकम्Maināka (mountain)
मैनाकम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमैनाक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पर्वतम्mountain
पर्वतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛtavarmā
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
Ś
Śalya
K
Kārṣṇi
M
Maināka mountain

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness (dhṛti) in the face of harm: true martial excellence is not merely striking the enemy but maintaining unwavering resolve and composure under attack, a key aspect of kṣatriya-dharma in the epic’s ethical landscape.

Sañjaya reports that Kṛtavarmā, Kṛpa, and Śalya shower Kārṣṇi with arrows, yet he remains unshaken—compared to Mount Maināka—emphasizing the intensity of the combat and the exceptional firmness of the warrior being attacked.