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Shloka 17

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

तमासाद्य महावेगैर्भीष्मो नवभिराशुगै: । विव्याध समरे तूर्णमार्जुनिं परवीरहा

tam āsādya mahāvegair bhīṣmo navabhir āśugaiḥ | vivyādha samare tūrṇam arjunim paravīrahā ||

三阇耶说道:在鏖战之中逼近他时,毗湿摩——诛灭敌方英雄者——以九支迅疾而强劲的箭矢,立刻贯穿阿周尼(阿周那之子)。此偈彰显战争无情的推进:纵是盛名之勇,也即刻遭遇训练有素的反击;战场遂成检验职责与武士意志之地,而非儿女私情之所。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving approached/reached
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
महावेगैःwith very swift/forceful (ones)
महावेगैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहावेग
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नवभिःwith nine
नवभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootनवन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आशुगैःwith swift arrows
आशुगैः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootआशुग
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्/व्यध्) + वि
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
अर्जुनिम्Arjuna’s son (Abhimanyu)
अर्जुनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Patronymic/Name)
Rootअर्जुनि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परवीरहाslayer of enemy heroes
परवीरहा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरवीरहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
A
Arjuni (epithet; connected with Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethic of kṣatriya warfare: decisive action, mastery of arms, and steadfastness in duty amid conflict. It also implies that reputation and lineage do not shield one from the immediate consequences of battle; skill and resolve meet skill and resolve.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma closes in on his opponent and rapidly strikes him with nine swift, forceful arrows, demonstrating Bhīṣma’s dominance and the intense tempo of the Kurukṣetra fighting.