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Shloka 18

Puruṣottama-yoga

The Discipline of the Supreme Person) — Chapter 15 (Bhagavadgītā

त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यंरे त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम्‌ | त्वमव्यय: शाश्वृतधर्मगोप्ताएं सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे,आप ही जाननेयोग्य परम अक्षर अर्थात्‌ परब्रह्म परमात्मा हैं, आप ही इस जगत्‌के परम आश्रय हैं, आप ही अनादि धर्मके रक्षक हैं और आप ही अविनाशी सनातन पुरुष हैं। ऐसा मेरा मत है?

arjuna uvāca | tvam akṣaraṁ paramaṁ veditavyaṁ tvam asya viśvasya paraṁ nidhānam | tvam avyayaḥ śāśvata-dharma-goptā sanātanas tvaṁ puruṣo mato me ||

阿周那说道:您是至上的不坏者,是最应当被认识的最高实在。您是此整个宇宙的终极归依与支撑。您是不失不坠的永恒法则(dharma)之守护者;在我心中,您就是那常住不朽、永不衰败的至上人格。此乃我已然确立的信念。

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अक्षरम्the imperishable (Brahman)
अक्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वेदितव्यम्to be known
वेदितव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्), passive necessity
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof this
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootइदम्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
विश्वस्यof the universe
विश्वस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
परम्supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निधानम्abode; repository; refuge
निधानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिधान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
अव्ययःimperishable
अव्ययः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शाश्वत-धर्म-गोप्ताprotector of the eternal dharma
शाश्वत-धर्म-गोप्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सनातनःeternal
सनातनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःPerson; Purusha
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मतःconsidered; held (to be)
मतः:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
मेby me; of me
मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Krishna (addressed as 'tvam')
V
viśva (the universe)
A
akṣara (the Imperishable)

Educational Q&A

Arjuna identifies Krishna as the highest knowable reality: the Imperishable Absolute and also the eternal Person who upholds dharma. The verse unites metaphysical truth (akṣara, avyaya, sanātana) with ethical governance (dharma-goptā), implying that ultimate reality is not indifferent but sustains moral order.

In the wake of witnessing the cosmic form (viśvarūpa), Arjuna’s awe matures into theological recognition. He addresses Krishna not merely as a charioteer or ally in war, but as the universe’s final refuge and the guardian of eternal dharma, expressing his concluded understanding ('mato me').