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Shloka 113

दध्युश्वैव महाराज न युद्धे दधिरे मन: । ऊरुग्राहगृहीता श्व नाभ्यधावन्त पाण्डवान्‌

sañjaya uvāca | dadhyuḥ eva mahārāja na yuddhe dadhire manaḥ | ūrugrāhagrahītā iva na abhyadhāvanta pāṇḍavān |

三阇耶说道:大王啊,他们震骇至极,心神不能安住于战。面对般度五子,他们并未冲杀,仿佛被巨鳄咬住一般——绝望与沉重的忧惧将他们牢牢钳制,使其气力似被抽尽。

दध्युःthey placed/held (they had)
दध्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धारणे/स्थापने)
FormLiT (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
indeed/and (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्वa dog
श्व:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवjust/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दधिरेthey held/they fixed (their mind)
दधिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धारणे/स्थापने)
FormLiT (Perfect), Atmanepada, 3, Plural
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ऊरुग्राहगृहीतःseized by a thigh-seizing crocodile/alligator
ऊरुग्राहगृहीतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootऊरुग्राहगृहीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्वa dog
श्व:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्यधावन्तthey rushed/charged towards
अभ्यधावन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootधाव् (गतौ) + अभि
FormLaN (Imperfect), Parasmaipada, 3, Plural
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
P
Pāṇḍavas
Ū
ūrugrāha (crocodile, as simile)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how inner states—despair, anxiety, and fear—can immobilize even warriors, obstructing the performance of duty. It implicitly contrasts the ideal of steadfast kṣatriya resolve with the reality that mental collapse can halt action as effectively as physical restraint.

Sañjaya reports to the king that the fighters (contextually, the Kaurava side) have fallen into deep dejection and cannot bring themselves to charge the Pāṇḍavas. Their paralysis is compared to being caught by a powerful crocodile, emphasizing helplessness and loss of initiative.