Shloka 37

Devanagari script

ततस्तस्मिन्‌ क्षणे राजंश्वोदितो वानरध्वज: । सध्वजं सरयथं साक्षर भीष्ममन्तर्दधे शरै:

Transliteration

tatas tasmin kṣaṇe rājan śvodito vānaradhvajaḥ | sadhvajaṃ sarathaṃ sākṣar bhīṣmam antardadhe śaraiḥ ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：“于是，王啊，就在那一瞬间，旗饰猿猴的阿周那奋起，以疾如骤雨的箭矢将毗湿摩连同战车与旗帜一并遮蔽。”

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, singular

• क्षणे: moment
• क्षणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षण
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• उदितः: risen, arisen
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदित
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• वानरध्वजः: the one with the monkey-banner (Arjuna)
• वानरध्वजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर-ध्वज
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• सध्वजम्: together with the banner
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-ध्वज
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• सरथम्: together with the chariot
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-रथ
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• साक्षरम्: together with the horses
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-अश्व
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अन्तर्दधे: covered, concealed (made disappear from view)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अन्तर्धा (धातु: धा)
• Form: perfect (liṭ), third, singular, parasmaipada

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: masculine, instrumental, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Arjuna (Vānaradhvaja)
• Bhīṣma
• banner/standard (dhvaja)
• chariot (ratha)
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores disciplined martial duty: even against a revered elder like Bhīṣma, Arjuna acts decisively within the rules of war, showing controlled strength rather than uncontrolled anger.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna, identified by the monkey on his banner, suddenly springs into action and showers arrows so densely that Bhīṣma—along with his chariot and banner—appears hidden from view.