Shloka 11

Devanagari script

अश्वत्थामा तु समरे सात्यकि नवशि: शरै: । त्रिंशता च पुनस्तूर्ण बाह्वोरुगसि चार्पयत्‌

Transliteration

aśvatthāmā tu samare sātyakiṁ navaśiḥ śaraiḥ | triṁśatā ca punas tūrṇaṁ bāhv-urugasi cārpayat ||

Translation

桑阇耶说道：战阵之中，阿湿婆他摩先以九支利箭射伤萨提亚基；继而不稍停顿，又以三十箭疾贯其臂、其股与其胸，创痕深重。

Word by Word

• अश्वत्थामा: Ashvatthama
• अश्वत्थामा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वत्थामन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सात्यकिम्: Satyaki
• सात्यकिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नवभिः: with nine
• नवभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नवन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• त्रिंशता: with thirty
• त्रिंशता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रिंशत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• तूर्णम्: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्ण

• बाह्वोः: on (his) two arms
• बाह्वोः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाहु
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Dual

• उरुगसि: on the broad chest
• उरुगसि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरुगसि
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अर्पयत्: he inflicted/placed (arrows)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्प्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Aśvatthāmā
• Sātyaki
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how warfare rapidly intensifies: technical prowess and speed can magnify suffering, reminding readers that even within kṣatriya-duty, restraint and proportionality are ethically significant.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Aśvatthāmā wounds Sātyaki first with nine arrows and then immediately with thirty more, striking key parts of the body—arms, thighs, and chest—showing a fierce exchange on the battlefield.