Shloka 24

Devanagari script

दुःशासनश्न बलवान्‌ सह सर्व: सहोदरै: । भीष्म॑ समरमध्यस्थं पालयाज्चक्रिरे तदा,उस समय वे सब वीर और समस्त भाइयोंसहित बलवान्‌ दुःशासन समरभूमिमें खड़े हुए भीष्मकी रक्षा करने लगे

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | duḥśāsanaś ca balavān saha sarvaiḥ sahodaraiḥ | bhīṣmaṃ samaramadhyasthaṃ pālayāṃ cakrire tadā ||

Translation

三阇耶说道：当时，强悍的杜沙萨那与诸兄弟一道，在战场中央的毗湿摩周围结成护卫之阵。

Word by Word

• दुःशासनः: Duhshasana
• दुःशासनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• बलवान्: strong, powerful
• बलवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• सर्वैः: with all
• सर्वैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सहोदरैः: with (his) brothers
• सहोदरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहोदर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• भीष्मम्: Bhishma
• भीष्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समर-मध्यस्थम्: standing in the midst of battle
• समर-मध्यस्थम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समरमध्यस्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पालयाम्: to protect
• Type: Verb
• Root: पालय
• Form: Infinitive (Tumun-lopa/Am-pratyaya usage)

• चक्रिरे: they did / they undertook
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural

• तदा: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duḥśāsana
• Bhīṣma
• Kaurava brothers

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical complexity of dharma in war: loyalty and protective duty toward a revered leader (Bhīṣma) can be performed with discipline and courage, yet still be morally entangled when serving an unjust side.

What is happening in the narrative?

During the Kurukṣetra battle, Duḥśāsana and the other Kaurava brothers surround Bhīṣma, who is positioned amid the fighting, and actively guard him so he can continue leading and fighting.