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Shloka 20

प्राग्ज्योतिषे वज्रदत्त-धनंजय-समागमः

Vajradatta Confronts Dhanaṃjaya at Prāgjyotiṣa

त॑ं पन्नगमिव क्रुद्धं कुरुवीर: स्मयन्निव । प्रीतिपूर्व महाबाहु: प्राणैर्न व्यपरोपयत्‌

taṁ pannagam iva kruddhaṁ kuruvīraḥ smayann iva | prītipūrvaṁ mahābāhuḥ prāṇair na vyaparopayat ||

毗湿摩波耶那说:纵然持法摩怒如毒蛇,俱卢英雄阿周那——臂力无双——仍含一丝微笑、怀着善意而战;即在战阵之中,他也未夺取对手性命。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पन्नगम्snake
पन्नगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपन्नग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवlike/as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
क्रुद्धम्angered
क्रुद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त, Passive (past participle)
कुरुवीरःthe Kuru-hero (Arjuna)
कुरुवीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्मयन्smiling
स्मयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ, Present participle
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रीतिपूर्वम्affectionately; with goodwill
प्रीतिपूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रीतिपूर्व
महाबाहुःthe mighty-armed one
महाबाहुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्राणैःwith (his) life-breaths; life
प्राणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यपरोपयत्he did not take away; he did not deprive (him) of
व्यपरोपयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-रुह् (caus.) / व्यप-रोपय्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhṛtavarmā
A
Arjuna
K
Kuru (as lineage/epithet)
S
serpent (simile)

Educational Q&A

Even in a righteous battle, a warrior’s dharma includes self-control: anger in the opponent need not provoke cruelty. Arjuna’s choice not to kill highlights restraint, proportionality, and the ethical possibility of mercy within warfare.

Dhṛtavarmā attacks in furious rage, compared to a serpent. Arjuna, described as a Kuru hero and mighty-armed, continues fighting calmly—almost smiling—and deliberately refrains from taking Dhṛtavarmā’s life.