Shloka 28

Abhimanyunidhana-prakāśaḥ — Vasudeva–Kṛṣṇa–Subhadrā–Kuntī śoka-saṃvāda

Disclosure and Consolation

Devanagari script

हतशिष्टेन सैन्येन समन्तात्‌ परिवार्य तम्‌ । अथोपविविशुर्द्वश हृदस्थं पञच पाण्डवा:

Transliteration

hataśiṣṭena sainyena samantāt parivārya tam | athopaviviśur dvāśa hṛdasthaṃ pañca pāṇḍavāḥ ||

Translation

婆苏提婆说道：随后，五位般度子满怀欢欣，率领残余的军队从四面合围，逼近那坐在湖中的都利约陀那。

Word by Word

• हतशिष्टेन: with the remaining (surviving) after being slain
• हतशिष्टेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हतशिष्ट
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• सैन्येन: by/with the army
• सैन्येन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• समन्तात्: on all sides
• समन्तात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्तात्

• परिवार्य: having surrounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-√वृ
• Form: Lyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• उपविविशुः: they approached / came near
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√विश्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• ह्रदस्थम्: situated in the lake
• ह्रदस्थम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ह्रदस्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्च

• पाण्डवाः: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वासुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• Pāṇḍavas
• Duryodhana
• remnant army
• lake (hṛda)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the moral tension that follows mass violence: even when an enemy is cornered and weakened, dharma demands reflection on restraint, proportionality, and the proper limits of kṣatriya victory rather than mere triumphalism.

What is happening in the narrative?

After the battle, the five Pāṇḍavas, accompanied by the surviving remnants of their forces, encircle and approach Duryodhana, who has taken refuge by sitting within a lake.