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Shloka 22

Abhimanyunidhana-prakāśaḥ — Vasudeva–Kṛṣṇa–Subhadrā–Kuntī śoka-saṃvāda

Disclosure and Consolation

हते कर्णे तु कौरव्या निरुत्साहा हतौजस: । अक्षौहिणीभिस्तिसूभिमरद्रेशं पर्यवारयन्‌

hate karṇe tu kauravyā nirutsāhā hataujasaḥ | akṣauhiṇībhis tisṛbhir madrādheśaṃ paryavārayan |

婆苏提婆说道:迦尔那既被诛杀,俱卢诸军(考罗婆)遂失其锐气与气力。于是他们立摩陀罗王舍利耶为统帅,以三支“阿叉乌希尼”大军环护其身,复又开战。

हतेwhen (he) was slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कर्णेin/when Karna
कर्णे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कौरव्याःthe Kauravas
कौरव्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निरुत्साहाःdejected/without zeal
निरुत्साहाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिरुत्साह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हतौजसःwhose strength was destroyed
हतौजसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहत-ओजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अक्षौहिणीभिःwith (their) armies (akshauhinis)
अक्षौहिणीभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षौहिणी
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
तिसृभिःwith three
तिसृभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
मद्र-ईशम्the lord of Madra (Shalya)
मद्र-ईशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र + ईश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded/encircled
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वृत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural

वासुदेव उवाच

V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
K
Karṇa
K
Kauravas
Ś
Śalya
M
Madra (kingdom)
A
akṣauhiṇī (army division)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical reality of war: the fall of a key warrior can collapse collective morale, yet armies often continue out of perceived duty and loyalty under new command—raising questions about steadfastness, responsibility, and the costs of ambition.

After Karṇa’s death, the Kaurava forces become dispirited and weakened. They then install Śalya, the king of Madra, as commander and protect him with three akṣauhiṇī formations, thereby continuing the fighting.