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Shloka 19

कālacakra-वर्णनम् तथा āśrama-धarma-निरूपणम्

The Wheel of Time and the Norms of the Āśramas

नित्यं यज्ञोपवीती स्याच्छुक्लवासा: शुचिव्रत: । नियतो यमदानाभ्यां सदा शिष्टैश्न संविशेत्‌

nityaṁ yajñopavītī syāc chuklavāsāḥ śucivrataḥ | niyato yamadānābhyāṁ sadā śiṣṭaiś na saṁviśet |

风神伐由说道:“当常佩圣线(yajñopavīta),着洁净白衣,守持清净而严整之誓戒。应以修行‘制戒’(yama,伦理约束)并依力行施而自我节制;并当恒与有教养、行止端正者为伍,勿居于粗鄙之众。”

नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
यज्ञोपवीतीwearing the sacred thread
यज्ञोपवीती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञोपवीतिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शुक्लवासा:one whose garments are white
शुक्लवासा::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्लवासस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुचिव्रत:one of pure observances
शुचिव्रत::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशुचिव्रत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नियत:disciplined, restrained
नियत::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमदानाभ्याम्by (means of) yama and giving (charity)
यमदानाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयम + दान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Dual
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
शिष्टैःwith the cultured/virtuous (people)
शिष्टैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्ट
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संविशेत्should dwell/associate (enter into company)
संविशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootविश् (सम् + विश्)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
Y
yajñopavīta (sacred thread)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a dharmic lifestyle: maintain outward and inward purity (sacred thread, clean clothing, pure vows), cultivate self-restraint through yama (moral disciplines), practice charity according to ability, and seek the company of the virtuous while avoiding corrupting associations.

Vāyudeva is giving prescriptive guidance on right conduct—laying down practical markers of disciplined living and ethical formation, emphasizing that character is strengthened by restraint, generosity, and association with śiṣṭa (cultured, righteous) people.