Shloka 32
Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas
Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue
ब्रह्मोवाच सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि स्थावराणि चराणि च । तपसा तानि जीवन्ति इति तदू वित्त सुव्रता: । स्वां योनिं समतिक्रम्य वर्तन्ते स्वेन कर्मणा
brahmovāca satyād bhūtāni jātāni sthāvarāṇi carāṇi ca | tapasā tāni jīvanti iti tad ūhita suvratāḥ | svāṃ yoniṃ samatikramya vartante svena karmaṇā |
梵天说道：“一切众生皆从真实（satya）而生——无论不动者与动者。凭借苦行与自律之功（tapas），他们得以维系生命；善持胜誓者啊，当深知此理。然而他们越过并忘却自身之本源，遂随各自之业而行，在业力的推动下不断轮转。”
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
All beings arise from Satya (Truth/reality) and are sustained by tapas (disciplined effort/austerity). Yet beings often disregard their true source and continue under the force of their own karma, which drives ongoing worldly movement and repeated experience.
A doctrinal statement is being delivered in the form of Brahmā’s speech (reported within the chapter’s dialogue). The speaker instructs the ascetic listeners (“suvratāḥ”) about the origin of life, the sustaining power of tapas, and the karmic mechanism by which beings continue in saṃsāra when they lose sight of their causal ground.