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Shloka 3

अध्वर्यु–यति संवादः

Adhvaryu–Yati Dialogue on Svabhāva, Ahiṃsā, and Mokṣa

तेभ्यश्नान्यांस्तेषु नित्यांश्व भावान्‌ भूतात्मानं लक्षयेरन्‌ शरीरे । तस्मिंस्तिष्ठन्नास्मि सक्त: कथंचित्‌ कामक्रोधाभ्यां जरया मृत्युना च,इन बाह्य इन्द्रियों और विषयोंसे भिन्न जो स्वप्न और सुषुप्तिके वासनामय विषय एवं इन्द्रियाँ हैं तथा उनमें भी जो नित्यभाव हैं, उनसे भी विलक्षण जो भूतात्मा है, उसको शरीरके भीतर योगीजन देख पाते हैं। उसी भूतात्मामें स्थित हुआ मैं कहीं किसी तरह भी काम, क्रोध, जरा और मृत्युसे ग्रस्त नहीं होता

tebhyaḥ svapna-susupti-vāsanā-mayebhyo viṣayendriyebhyaś ca vilakṣaṇaṁ bhūtātmānaṁ lakṣayeran śarīre | tasmiṁs tiṣṭhann asmi na saktaḥ kathaṁcit kāma-krodhābhyāṁ jarayā mṛtyunā ca ||

有别于外在诸根与其境——亦有别于梦与熟睡之域:在那里,习气(vāsanā)织就微细的对象与机能,并且还有恒常的倾向——瑜伽行者于此身之内洞见“部多阿特曼”(Bhūtātman),即由诸大所成的本我。安住于彼自性,我不为任何方式所系缚:欲与怒不能攫我,老与死亦不能胜我。

तेभ्यःfrom those
तेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, ablative, plural
अन्यान्other, different
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
तेषुin those
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
नित्यान्eternal, constant
नित्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भावान्states, conditions, natures
भावान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
भूतात्मानम्the elemental self / inner being
भूतात्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूतात्मन्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
लक्षयेरन्they would perceive/observe
लक्षयेरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootलक्ष्
Formoptative (vidhiling), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
शरीरेin the body
शरीरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
Formneuter, locative, singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
तिष्ठन्standing/abiding
तिष्ठन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent (lat), 1st, singular, parasmaipada
सक्तःattached, clinging
सक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसक्त
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), masculine, nominative, singular
कथंचित्in any way, somehow
कथंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचित्
कामक्रोधाभ्याम्by desire and anger
कामक्रोधाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकामक्रोध
Formmasculine, instrumental, dual
जरयाby old age
जरया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
Formfeminine, instrumental, singular
मृत्युनाby death
मृत्युना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
योगीजन (yogins)
भूतात्मा (Bhūtātman)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the true Self (bhūtātman) is distinct from sensory experience and even from the subtle experiences of dream and deep sleep shaped by latent impressions. When one abides in that Self, one becomes unattached and is not overpowered by desire, anger, aging, or death—an ethical ideal of inner freedom and steadiness.

A brāhmaṇa speaker is instructing about yogic discernment: yogins perceive an inner Self within the body that transcends waking senses and the mind’s dream/sleep formations. He then speaks in the first person, describing his own established state in that Self and the resulting immunity to binding passions and fear of mortality.