Shloka 21
धृतराष्ट्रस्य स्पर्शाभिलाषः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Request for Touch and Permission for Tapas
Devanagari script
भीष्मेण सर्वमुक्तोडसि कृष्णेन विदुरेण च । मयाप्यवश्यं वक्तव्यं प्रीत्या ते नृपसत्तम
Translation
“至高的君王啊，毗湿摩、世尊室利·奎师那与维度罗已将一切教诲于你。我亦因爱重于你，故也觉得必须再对你说几句。”
Word by Word
भीष्मेणby Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उक्तम्said/told
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular
कृष्णेनby Krishna
कृष्णेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विदुरेणby Vidura
विदुरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अवश्यम्necessarily
अवश्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअवश्य
वक्तव्यम्to be said / must be said
वक्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormGerundive/obligative (तव्य), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
प्रीत्याout of affection
प्रीत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Singular
नृपसत्तमO best of kings
नृपसत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootनृप-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
धृतराष्ट उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes