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Shloka 12

धृतराष्ट्रस्य क्षमायाचनं तथा युधिष्ठिरे न्यासदानम् / Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Request for Forgiveness and the Entrustment to Yudhiṣṭhira

तन्निर्याणे दु:खित: पौरवर्गो गजाह्वये चैव बभूव राजन्‌ | यथा पूर्व गच्छतां पाण्डवानां द्यूते राजन्‌ कौरवाणां सभाया:

tanniryāṇe duḥkhitaḥ pauravargo gajāhvaye caiva babhūva rājan | yathā pūrva gacchatāṃ pāṇḍavānāṃ dyūte rājan kauravāṇāṃ sabhāyāḥ ||

毗湿摩波耶那说:大王啊,他启程之时,象城伽阇阿呼耶(哈斯提那补罗)的全体市民尽陷悲恸。正如往昔——掷骰之后——般度五子离开俱卢族的议厅赴林中流放时,城中百姓为哀伤所淹没;如今,持国王离去之际,所有市民也同样被哭号与叹息所折磨。

तत्at that (time)
तत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निर्याणेat the departure
निर्याणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्याण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दुःखितःgrieved
दुःखितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पौरवर्गःthe group of citizens
पौरवर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपौरवर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजाह्वयेin Hastināpura (Gajāhvaya)
गजाह्वये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगजाह्वय
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
बभूवbecame/was
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
पूर्वम्formerly/before
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
गच्छताम्of (those) going
गच्छताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगच्छत्
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
द्यूतेin the dice-game
द्यूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कौरवाणाम्of the Kauravas
कौरवाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सभायाःfrom the assembly hall
सभायाः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
H
Hastināpura (Gajāhvaya)
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kauravas
S
sabhā (assembly hall)
R
rājan (the king addressed, i.e., Janamejaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that a kingdom’s moral crises and reversals—especially those rooted in wrongdoing like the dice-game—leave lasting wounds not only on rulers and heroes but also on ordinary citizens. Collective grief becomes a social echo of ethical failure and impermanence in political fortune.

As Dhṛtarāṣṭra departs (for the forest life described in the Āśramavāsika narrative), the people of Hastināpura mourn intensely. The narrator compares this scene to the earlier moment when the Pāṇḍavas left the Kaurava assembly after the dice-game to begin exile, when the city likewise sank into sorrow.