Shloka 3
Taḍāga-Phala and Vṛkṣāropaṇa
Merit of Ponds and Tree-Planting
Devanagari script
ततः सूर्यो मधुरया वाचा तमिदमत्रवीत् | कृताञ्जलि्-प्ररूपी प्रणम्यैनं विशाम्पते
Transliteration
tataḥ sūryo madhurayā vācā tam idam atravīt | kṛtāñjali-prarūpī praṇamya enaṃ viśāmpate ||
Translation
毗湿摩说道：于是太阳以柔和而恭敬的言辞对他说道——他合掌致敬，俯身礼拜，哦，民众之主。
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
Formअव्ययम्
सूर्यःthe Sun (god)
सूर्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
मधुरयाwith sweet (pleasant)
मधुरया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
वाचाspeech, words
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, तृतीया, एकवचनम्
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
Formअव्ययम्
अवीत्said, spoke
अवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (वच्)
Formलुङ् (अorist), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
कृताञ्जलि-प्ररूपीhaving the form/appearance of one with joined palms (with folded hands)
कृताञ्जलि-प्ररूपी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृताञ्जलि-प्ररूपिन्
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्
प्रणम्यhaving bowed, after saluting
प्रणम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नम्
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्यय-भावः
एनम्this one; him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एन्-आदेशः)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्
विशाम्of the people, of the subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, षष्ठी, बहुवचनम्
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhishmaS
Surya (Sun-god)V
viśāmpati (lord of the people—honorific addressee)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse foregrounds ethical communication and humility: even a powerful divine figure (Surya) speaks with gentleness and approaches with folded hands and a bow, modeling respectful conduct and the dharmic ideal of courteous speech.
Bhishma narrates a moment where Surya begins a discourse. The Sun-god respectfully approaches the person addressed (called 'viśāmpati', lord of the people) and then speaks, marking the start of divine instruction or counsel.