Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 23

Suvarṇa-dāna: Kārttikeya’s Origin and the Defeat of Tāraka (सुवर्णदान-प्रसङ्गे कार्त्तिकेय-उत्पत्ति तथा तारकवधः)

गवां देवोपरिष्टाद्धि समाख्यातं शतक्रतो । एता हि वरदत्ताश्न वरदाक्षापि वासव

gavāṁ devo pariṣṭād dhi samākhyātaṁ śatakrato | etā hi varadattāś ca varadāś cāpi vāsava ||

毗湿摩说道:“噢,百祭者(因陀罗)!已宣示母牛居于甚至高于诸神之位。依你所问,我已说明母牛何以安住于高过诸天的境界。并且,噢,婆娑婆!这些母牛自身已受恩赐;当其欢悦时,也具赐福于他人的能力。”

गवाम्of cows
गवाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
देवthe god (Indra)
देव:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपरिष्टात्above, on high
उपरिष्टात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरिष्टात्
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
समाख्यातम्has been declared/told
समाख्यातम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ख्या (धातु) → समाख्यात (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
शतक्रतोO Shatakratu (Indra)
शतक्रतो:
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एताःthese
एताः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वरदत्ताःendowed with boons / boon-given
वरदत्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर-दत्त (कृदन्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
आसन्were
आसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
वरदाःboon-giving
वरदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवरद
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अक्षाःeyes (or: dice; here likely 'eyes')
अक्षाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
वासवO Vasava (Indra)
वासव:
TypeNoun
Rootवासव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
I
Indra
S
Shatakratu
V
Vasava
C
cows (gāvaḥ)
G
gods (devas)

Educational Q&A

The verse elevates the cow as a uniquely sacred being: cows are portrayed as occupying a status higher than even the gods, and as possessing spiritual potency—having received boons and being capable of granting boons when pleased—thereby encouraging reverence, protection, and ethical conduct toward them.

Bhishma is answering Indra’s inquiry. He states that tradition proclaims cows to dwell in a realm above the gods, explains this in response to Indra’s question, and adds that cows are both recipients and bestowers of boons, emphasizing their extraordinary sanctity.