Shloka 10

गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्

Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows

Devanagari script

तत्र सर्वसहा: क्षान्ता वत्सला गुरुवर्तिन: । अहंकारैरविरहिता यान्ति शक्र नरोत्तमा:

Transliteration

tatra sarvasahāḥ kṣāntā vatsalā guruvartinaḥ | ahaṃkārair avirahītā yānti śakra narottamāḥ || indra!

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“噢，释迦罗（因陀罗）啊！在那境界中，唯有人中至善者方能抵达——能忍受一切艰难者，忍耐而能宽恕者，慈悯柔和者，奉行长者与师长之命者，且离于我慢者。正是这些德行——而非权势与地位——标示出堪入那更高世界的人。”

Word by Word

• तत्र: there, in that place
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• सर्वसहाः: all-enduring, forbearing
• सर्वसहाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्वसह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• क्षान्ताः: patient, forgiving
• क्षान्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षान्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• वत्सलाः: affectionate, kind
• वत्सलाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वत्सल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• गुरुवर्तिनः: obedient to elders/teachers
• गुरुवर्तिनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरुवर्तिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अहंकारैः: by/with egoisms, prides
• अहंकारैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहंकार
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अविरहिताः: not separated (i.e., not free) from
• अविरहिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविरहित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यान्ति: go, attain
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (याति)
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• शक्र: O Śakra (Indra)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• नरोत्तमाः: best of men
• नरोत्तमाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरोत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

पितामह उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
• Indra (Śakra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that true excellence and eligibility for a higher realm come from ethical virtues—endurance, forgiveness, compassion, obedience to elders/teachers, and freedom from ego—rather than from external achievements or power.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha) addresses Indra (Śakra), describing the kind of people who attain that exalted realm: those who embody patience, compassion, disciplined respect for gurus/elders, and humility.