Shloka 20

Adhyāya 59: On Giving to the Asker and Supporting the Non-asking (याचक-अयाचक-दाने धर्मः)

Devanagari script

एतत्‌ ते कथितं सर्वमशेषेण मया नृप । भृगूणां कुशिकानां च अभिसम्बन्धकारणम्‌,नरेश्वर! इस प्रकार मैंने तुमसे भूगुवंशी और कुशिकवंशियोंके परस्पर सम्बन्धका सब कारण पूर्णरूपसे बताया है

Transliteration

etat te kathitaṁ sarvam aśeṣeṇa mayā nṛpa | bhṛgūṇāṁ kuśikānāṁ ca abhisambandha-kāraṇam ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“大王，我已毫无遗漏地向你叙述了婆利古（Bhṛgu）一族与俱悉迦（Kuśika）一族彼此相连之缘由的全部经过。故而，噢人间之主，他们相互关系的原因，我已为你详尽说明。”

Word by Word

• एतत्: this (all this)
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular

• कथितम्: told/related
• कथितम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कथ् (कथयति) → कथित
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Passive (past passive participle)

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अशेषेण: completely, without remainder
• अशेषेण: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेष
• Form: instrumental used adverbially

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• नृप: O king
• नृप: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भृगूणाम्: of the Bhṛgus
• भृगूणाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: भृगु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• कुशिकानाम्: of the Kuśikas
• कुशिकानाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशिक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अभिसम्बन्धकारणम्: the cause of (their) mutual connection/relationship
• अभिसम्बन्धकारणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभिसम्बन्ध-कारण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• नरेश्वर: O lord of men (king)
• नरेश्वर: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर-ईश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira (implied by address nṛpa/nareśvara)
• Bhṛgu lineage (Bhṛgūṇām)
• Kuśika lineage (Kuśikānām)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes completeness and fidelity in instruction: a teacher should convey an account fully and without omission, especially when explaining lineage-relations that ground social and ethical duties (dharma) in the epic’s discourse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma concludes a genealogical explanation to the king (Yudhishthira), stating that he has finished describing the reason for the interrelationship between the Bhṛgu and Kuśika lineages.