Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 383

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

Devanagari script

भूयो भूयो<5पि संहार्य: पितृवित्ताद्‌ युधिष्ठिर । क्षत्रियकन्या संसारमें अपनी जातिद्दारा ब्राह्मण-कन्याके बराबर नहीं हो सकती। नृपश्रेष्ठ! इसी प्रकार ब्राह्मणीका पुत्र क्षत्रियाके पुत्रसे प्रथम एवं ज्येष्ठ होगा। युधिष्ठिर! इसलिये पिताके धनमेंसे ब्राह्मणीके पुत्रको अधिक-अधिक भाग देना चाहिये

Transliteration

bhūyo bhūyo 'pi saṃhāryaḥ pitṛvittād yudhiṣṭhira | kṣatriyakanyā saṃsāre svajātyā brāhmaṇa-kanyāsamā na bhavati | nṛpaśreṣṭha! tathā brāhmaṇyāḥ putraḥ kṣatriyaputrāt prathama eva jyeṣṭhaś ca bhavati | yudhiṣṭhira! tasmāt pitṛdhane brāhmaṇyāḥ putrāya bhūyobhūyaḥ bhāgo dātavyaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“尤提士提罗啊，在分配父亲的财产时，这一点必须反复铭记于心。在社会秩序之中，刹帝利之女以其出身，并不被视为与婆罗门之女同等。又如是，诸王之最者，出自婆罗门妻（婆罗门尼）的儿子，被认为在先且为长于出自刹帝利妻的儿子。因此，尤提士提罗啊，应当从父亲的产业中，分给婆罗门妻之子更为丰厚的一份。”

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'bhūyo bhūyaḥ', 'definition': 'again and again

• emphatically'}, {'term': 'api', 'definition': 'also

• even'}, {'term': 'saṃhāryaḥ', 'definition': 'to be gathered/kept in mind

• to be taken into account (in deliberation)'}, {'term': 'pitṛ-vitta / pitṛ-dhana', 'definition': 'father’s wealth

• paternal property'}, {'term': 'yudhiṣṭhira', 'definition': 'name of the listener addressed by Bhīṣma'}, {'term': 'kṣatriya-kanyā', 'definition': 'a Kṣatriya maiden/daughter'}, {'term': 'brāhmaṇa-kanyā', 'definition': 'a Brāhmaṇa maiden/daughter'}, {'term': 'nṛpaśreṣṭha', 'definition': 'best among kings (honorific address)'}, {'term': 'brāhmaṇī', 'definition': 'a Brāhmaṇa woman

• here, a Brāhmaṇa wife'}, {'term': 'putraḥ', 'definition': 'son'}, {'term': 'prathama', 'definition': 'first

• prior'}, {'term': 'jyeṣṭha', 'definition': 'elder

• having precedence'}, {'term': 'bhāga', 'definition': 'share

• portion (of inheritance)'}, {'term': 'dātavyaḥ', 'definition': 'should be given

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Kṣatriya
• Brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhīṣma teaches a rule of precedence in inheritance: when allocating a father’s property, the son of a Brāhmaṇa wife is to be treated as senior and given a larger share than the son of a Kṣatriya wife, reflecting the text’s varṇa-based hierarchy.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma—here, specifically on social precedence and the distribution of paternal wealth among sons born of wives of different varṇas.