Shloka 35

Vivāha-dharma: Kanyā-pradāna, Śulka, and Pāṇigrahaṇa-niṣṭhā (अनुशासन पर्व, अध्याय ४४)

Devanagari script

स्थितिं च धर्मे जग्राह स तस्माद्‌ गुरुवत्सल: । अनुज्ञातश्न गुरुणा चचारानुत्तमं तप:

Transliteration

sthitiṁ ca dharme jagrāha sa tasmād guruvatsalaḥ | anujñātaś ca guruṇā cacārānuttamaṁ tapaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩说：因此，敬爱师长的毗补罗祈求并获得了在达摩中恒常安住的坚固之心。随后，在师长许可之下，他开始修行至上的苦行，使其对正道的守持永不间断。

Word by Word

• स्थितिम्: steadfastness, state
• स्थितिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थिति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• धर्मे: in dharma, in righteousness
• धर्मे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• जग्राह: took up, adopted
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तस्मात्: from that (cause/therefore)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• गुरुवत्सलः: devoted/affectionate to the teacher
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरुवत्सल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अनुज्ञातः: permitted, having been allowed
• Type: Participle
• Root: अनु-ज्ञा
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• गुरुणा: by the teacher
• गुरुणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चचार: practised, undertook
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अनुत्तमम्: unsurpassed, excellent
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तपः: austerity, penance
• तपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Guru (teacher)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True dharma is sustained by disciplined practice (tapas) guided by humility and respect for one’s teacher; ethical steadiness is something to be consciously sought and maintained.

What is happening in the narrative?

A devoted disciple asks for unwavering establishment in dharma, receives the guru’s permission, and then begins an intense course of austerity to secure that moral and spiritual stability.