पात्रलक्षण-परिक्षा (Pātra-Lakṣaṇa Parīkṣā) — Criteria for a Worthy Recipient
सर्वे ब्राह्मणमाविश्य सदान्नमुप भुठ्जते । सूर्य, चन्द्रमा, वायु, जल, पृथ्वी, आकाश और दिशा--इन सबके अधिष्ठाता देवता सदा ब्राह्मणके शरीरमें प्रवेश करके अन्न भोजन करते हैं
sarve brāhmaṇam āviśya sadā annam upabhuñjate | sūrya-candramā-vāyu-jala-pṛthvī-ākāśa-diśāṃ caiteṣām adhiṣṭhātṛ-devatāḥ sadā brāhmaṇasya śarīraṃ praviśya annam aśnanti ||
毗湿摩说道:“这些神圣威力——主宰日、月、风、水、地、空以及诸方的诸天——恒常进入婆罗门之身而受食。因此,以正当布施与待客之礼尊敬并供养婆罗门,并非仅是世俗礼节,而是通达宇宙秩序的法(dharma)之行;因为诸天被认为就安住在他体内,作为他们活生生的座处。”
भीष्म उवाच
Feeding and honoring a brāhmaṇa is portrayed as a dharmic act with cosmic reach: the presiding deities of fundamental elements and directions are said to dwell in him and thus receive the offering. The verse elevates hospitality and right giving (especially food) into a form of sustaining ṛta/dharma.
In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he explains to the listener that deities associated with the sun, moon, wind, water, earth, space, and the directions enter the brāhmaṇa’s body and partake of food—supporting the broader exhortation to practice hospitality and charitable feeding.