Shloka 87

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

Devanagari script

पज्चभूतान्यतिक्रान्त: स्ववीर्याच्च मनोजव: । गृहस्थधर्मेणानेन कामक्रोधौ च ते जिती

Transliteration

pañcabhūtāny atikrāntaḥ svavīryāc ca manojavaḥ | gṛhasthadharmeṇānena kāmakrodhau ca te jitī ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“凭你自身的英勇，你仿佛超越了五大元素，迅疾如心。由于奉行居士之法，你已战胜欲望与忿怒。”

Word by Word

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: indeclinable numeral

• भूतानि: elements/beings (here: elements)
• भूतानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत
• Form: neuter, accusative, plural

• अतिक्रान्तः: having overstepped/surpassed
• अतिक्रान्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-क्रम्
• Form: past active participle, masculine, nominative, singular

• स्व: one's own
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: indeclinable/pronominal adjective (used in compound sense)

• वीर्यात्: by/through (your) prowess
• वीर्यात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर्य
• Form: neuter, ablative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable

• मनोजवः: swift as the mind
• मनोजवः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनोजव
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• गृहस्थधर्मेण: by the householder’s duty/discipline
• गृहस्थधर्मेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहस्थधर्म
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• अनेन: by this
• अनेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्)
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, singular

• कामक्रोधौ: desire and anger
• कामक्रोधौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कामक्रोध
• Form: masculine, accusative, dual

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable

• ते: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive singular (enclitic)

• जिती: having conquered
• जिती: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: past active participle (Vedic/epic form), masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• pañcabhūta (five elements)
• gṛhastha-dharma (householder’s dharma)
• kāma
• krodha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhīṣma praises disciplined household life as a powerful spiritual-ethical training: by properly living gṛhastha-dharma one gains inner mastery, especially victory over kāma (desire) and krodha (anger), which are key obstacles to righteous conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction within the Anuśāsana Parva, he addresses his listener with commendation, describing the listener’s exceptional vigor and mental swiftness, and attributing their moral victory over desire and anger to faithful practice of the householder’s duties.