Shloka 14

Chapter 2: Sudarśana Upākhyāna — Atithi-Dharma and the Conquest of Mṛtyu

Gṛhastha-Vrata

Devanagari script

रत्नैर्थनैश्व पशुभि: सस्यैश्वापि पृथग्विधै:

Transliteration

ratnair dhanaiś ca paśubhiḥ sasyaiś cāpi pṛthagvidhaiḥ

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“以珍宝，以财帛，以牛畜，又以种种谷物收成……”

Word by Word

• रत्नैः: with gems
• रत्नैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रत्न
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• धनैः: with wealth
• धनैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पशुभिः: with cattle/animals
• पशुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सस्यैः: with crops/grain
• सस्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सस्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• पृथक्: separately/variously
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक्

• विधैः: by kinds/types
• विधैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विध
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• ratna (jewels)
• dhana (wealth)
• paśu (cattle/livestock)
• sasya (crops/grain)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Material resources—jewels, money, livestock, and agricultural produce—are legitimate means that can be directed toward dharmic purposes such as rightful support, generosity, and social obligation; the verse frames wealth as something to be used responsibly rather than merely possessed.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma is in the midst of instruction and begins an enumerative statement, listing different categories of wealth and provisions, preparing to explain how such resources relate to duty, gifting, or proper conduct.