Shloka 16
Devanagari script
यजनं बहुशश्चाग्नौ जगु: सामानि सामगा: । ततश्चन्दनकाष्ठैश्ष तथा कालीयकैरपि
Transliteration
yajanaṃ bahuśaścāgnau jaguḥ sāmāni sāmagāḥ | tataścandanakāṣṭhaiś ca tathā kālīyakair api ||
Translation
毗湿摩波耶那说：诵唱《娑摩》的祭师们屡次向圣火投献供物，并吟唱娑摩圣歌。随后又以檀香木与迦利耶迦香料相助其焰，使仪式因吉祥芬芳之物而更显肃穆清净。
Word by Word
यजनम्sacrifice, worship-rite
यजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयजन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बहुशःmany times, repeatedly
बहुशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुशस्
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अग्नौin the fire
अग्नौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जगुःthey sang/chanted
जगुः:
TypeVerb
Rootगै
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural
सामानिSāman hymns
सामानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
सामगाःSāma-chanters
सामगाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसामग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
चन्दनकाष्ठैःwith sandalwood pieces/logs
चन्दनकाष्ठैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचन्दनकाष्ठ
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तथाlikewise, also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कालीयकैःwith black aloe/agarwood (kālīyaka) pieces
कालीयकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकालीयक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśaṃpāyanaA
Agni (sacrificial fire)S
Sāmagāḥ (Sāmaveda chanters)S
Sāmāni (Sāman hymns)C
Candana (sandalwood)K
Kālīyaka (aromatic substance)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights dharmic ritual discipline: sacred acts are strengthened by correct Vedic recitation and by offering pure, auspicious substances. Ethical emphasis lies in reverence, purity, and careful performance rather than mere outward display.
Vaiśaṃpāyana describes a yajña scene where Sāmaveda chanters repeatedly make offerings into the fire while singing Sāman hymns, and then enhance the rite by using fragrant materials like sandalwood and kālīyaka.