Shloka 47
Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)
Devanagari script
आत्मानमुपजीवन् यो नियतो नियताशन:
Transliteration
ātmānam upajīvan yo niyato niyatāśanaḥ
Translation
摩诃提婆说道：“唯以自身为依而活者——自律而节制饮食者——此人即被称为安住于克制与自足之中。”
Word by Word
आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपजीवन्living (by), subsisting
उपजीवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-जीव्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नियतःdisciplined, self-restrained
नियतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नियताशनःhaving regulated food (moderate in eating)
नियताशनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत-आशन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights self-sufficiency and discipline: a person should sustain life through one’s own steady effort and remain restrained, especially by regulating food—an ethical foundation for tapas, clarity, and dharmic conduct.
Maheśvara is speaking in an instructive mode, describing the qualities of an ideal disciplined person. The line functions as part of a larger didactic passage on restraint and right living.