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Shloka 110

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

नित्यं यज्ञक्रिया धर्म: पितृदेवार्चने रति: । सर्वातिथ्यं च कर्तव्यमन्नेनोज्छार्जितेन वै

nityaṁ yajñakriyā dharmaḥ pitṛdevārcane ratiḥ | sarvātithyaṁ ca kartavyam annenocchārjitena vai ||

摩醯首罗说道:“恒常行祭,是为职责;当乐于奉祀祖灵与诸天。并且对一切来客皆当施以款待——确然,应以已如法预留、为分享而备的食物相待。”

नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
FormAvyaya (adverb)
यज्ञक्रियाsacrificial rite/act of sacrifice
यज्ञक्रिया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञक्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty/righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितृदेवार्चनेin the worship of ancestors and gods
पितृदेवार्चने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृदेवार्चन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रतिःdelight/attachment
रतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वातिथ्यम्hospitality to all (guests)
सर्वातिथ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वातिथ्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
कर्तव्यम्should be done/ought to be performed
कर्तव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular (gerundive/obligative: 'to be done')
अन्नेनwith food
अन्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
उच्छार्जितेनset aside/left over (reserved)
उच्छार्जितेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्-√सृज्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular (past passive participle)
वैindeed/verily
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormAvyaya (emphatic particle)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrīmaheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
A
Atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

The verse defines everyday dharma as a threefold discipline: regular performance of prescribed sacrificial/ritual duties, heartfelt worship of ancestors and gods, and universal hospitality—especially expressed through sharing food that has been intentionally reserved for guests.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused setting, Śrīmaheśvara speaks as an authoritative teacher, laying down practical norms of righteous living—linking ritual observance and devotion with social ethics through the obligation to feed and honor any guest.