Shloka 8

Vānaprastha-dharma and Tapas: Śiva–Umā Saṃvāda

Forest-Stage Discipline and Austerity

Devanagari script

यश्चैतदेवं जानीयाज्ज्ञात्वा वा कुरुतेडनघ । सदोषो<दोषवांश्रेह तैर्गुणै: सह युज्यते

Transliteration

yaś caitad evaṁ jānīyāj jñātvā vā kurute 'nagha | sadoṣo 'doṣavān śreṣṭha tair guṇaiḥ saha yujyate ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“无罪者啊，凡如是理解此教诲，并在理解之后依之而行者，纵曾染诸过失，亦能脱离其过。于是他与诸德相应，安住于善胜之境。”

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• जानीयात्: should know / knows
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा
• Form: Ktva (absolutive/gerund)

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा

• कुरुते: does, practices
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• अनघ: O sinless one
• Type: Noun (vocative used as epithet)
• Root: अनघ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सदोषः: with दोष (fault/sin), sinful
• सदोषः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदोष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अदोषवान्: faultless, free from दोष
• अदोषवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अदोषवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इह: here (in this world/teaching)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• तैः: by/with those
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• गुणैः: with virtues/qualities
• गुणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• युज्यते: is joined/connected, becomes endowed
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)

• निष्पाप: O sinless one
• Type: Noun (vocative used as epithet)
• Root: निष्पाप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• नरेश: O king (lord of men)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर-ईश
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• King (addressed as anagha/śreṣṭha; likely Yudhishthira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mere awareness is not enough; when one truly understands dharma and then practices it, past moral faults lose their hold, and the person becomes established in virtues.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing the king on dharma. Here he emphasizes the transformative effect of correctly understanding a teaching and living by it: ethical practice purifies and cultivates noble qualities.