Shloka 43
Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption
शास्त्र, इतिहास और वेदमें जो यह बात बतायी गयी है कि मनुष्य इस लोकमें पाप करनेपर मृत्युके पश्चात् यमराजके भयंकर लोकमें जाता है, यह सत्य ही है ।।
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | śāstre itihāse ca vede ca yad idaṃ proktaṃ yat manuṣya iha loke pāpaṃ kṛtvā mṛtyoḥ paścād yamarājasya bhayānake loke gacchati, tat satyam eva || iha sthānāni puṇyāni devatulyāni bhūpate | tiryag-yony-atiriktāni gatimanti ca sarvaśaḥ || bhūpāla! asmin yama-loke deva-loka-samāni puṇya-mayāni sthānāni santi, yatra tiryag (kīṭa-pataṅgādi) yoni-jīvān vihāya sarve puṇyātmānaḥ jaṅgamā jīvā gacchanti |
玉提希提罗说道：“论典、伊提诃娑传统与吠陀所宣示的——人在此世造罪，死后将赴阎摩那可怖之界——此言确为真实。然而，国王啊，就在阎摩之世中，也有功德之所，可比天界。凡具福德之有情、诸行走之众，除却生于畜生与下劣胎藏者（如昆虫之类），皆往彼处。”
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse affirms the moral causality taught by śāstra, itihāsa, and Veda: sinful actions lead after death to Yama’s fearsome realm; yet that realm also contains meritorious, deva-like abodes for the virtuous—highlighting that post-mortem experience is graded by karma, not a single uniform punishment.
Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a king and clarifies the doctrine of Yamaloka: it is not only a place of terror for sinners but also includes auspicious stations where virtuous beings proceed, with an explicit exclusion of beings in lower animal/insect births from those particular destinations.