Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 156

ज्येष्ठ-कनिष्ठ-धर्मः — Duties of Elders and Juniors

Anuśāsana-parva 108

Devanagari script

एतद्‌ यशस्यमायुष्य॑ स्वर्ग्य स्वस्त्ययनं महत्‌ | अनुकम्प्य सर्ववर्णान्‌ ब्रह्मणा समुदाह्॒तम्‌

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“在远古之时，梵天（Brahmā）怜悯一切种姓众生，宣说了这正行之达摩。它能赐予名望、长寿与天界之果，并且是吉祥安泰的至大依止。”

Word by Word

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• यशस्यम्: bringing fame
• यशस्यम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यशस्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• आयुष्यम्: promoting long life
• आयुष्यम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयुष्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्वर्ग्यम्: leading to heaven
• स्वर्ग्यम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्ग्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्वस्त्ययनम्: path/means to welfare
• स्वस्त्ययनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्त्ययन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• महत्: great
• महत्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अनुकम्प्य: having compassion (on)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनुकम्प्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), having shown compassion / having compassionately considered

• सर्ववर्णान्: all the varnas/classes
• सर्ववर्णान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्ववर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• ब्रह्मणा: by Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• समुदाहृतम्: was proclaimed/uttered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उद्-आ-हृ
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)

• पूर्वकाले: in former times
• पूर्वकाले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्वकाल
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच