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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 13

Tapas-śreṣṭhatā: Anāśana as the Highest Austerity

Bhagīratha–Brahmā Saṃvāda

पुष्करतीर्थमें जो सैकड़ों-हजारों बार मैंने ब्राह्गोंको एक लाख घोड़े और दो लाख गौएँ दान कीं तथा सोनेके उत्तम चन्द्रहार धारण करनेवाली जाम्बूनदके आभूषणोंसे विभूषित हुई साठ हजार सुन्दरी कन्‍्याओंका जो सहस्रों बार दान किया, उस पुण्यसे भी मैं यहाँ नहीं आया हूँ ।।

Bhagīratha uvāca: Puṣkaratīrthe yat śataśaḥ sahasraśaś ca mayā brāhmaṇebhyo dānam dattam—lakṣaṃ aśvānāṃ dvilakṣaṃ gavāṃ ca; tathā suvarṇasya uttama-candrahāra-dhāriṇīḥ jāmbūnada-ābharaṇa-vibhūṣitāḥ ṣaṣṭi-sahasra-sundarīḥ kanyāḥ sahasraśo mayā dattāḥ—tad api puṇyena aham iha na āgataḥ. Daśārbudāni ca ardhaṃ go-sava-ijyāyāṃ mayā dattāni; ekaikaśo daśa gāvo brāhmaṇebhyaḥ prāptāḥ. Samānavatsāḥ payasā samanvitāḥ, suvarṇa-kāṃsya-upaduhāś ca dattāḥ; na tena api, lokanātha, aham iha prāptaḥ.

婆祇罗陀说道:“在补湿迦罗(Puṣkara)圣渡口,我曾百次千次地向婆罗门布施——十万匹马、二十万头牛;又复屡屡施与六万美丽处女,皆以阎浮那陀金宝严饰,并佩最胜金月形项链。然而我来到此处,并非凭借那些功德。又在名为‘瞿娑婆’(Go-sava)的祭仪中,我捐施九十五俱胝乳牛;每位婆罗门各得十头。每头牛都与同色之犊同赐,乳汁充盈,并配以金与青铜之挤乳器皿。即便那祭祀之功德,世间之主啊,也未使我达到此境。”

दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अर्बुदानिarbuda-s (ten-crores; very large numbers)
अर्बुदानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्बुद
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अदर्दम्a further huge number (adarda; a large numeral term)
अदर्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअदर्द
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गोसवेज्याby the worship/sacrifice called Gosava
गोसवेज्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगोसव-इज्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
स्वेकेकशःto each one individually
स्वेकेकशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्व-एक-एकशस्
दशten (each)
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
लोकनाथO lord of the world
लोकनाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक-नाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समानवत्साःhaving calves of the same (matching) kind/colour
समानवत्साः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान-वत्स
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पयसाwith milk
पयसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
समन्विताःendowed/possessed (of)
समन्विताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्+अन्वि+ता (समन्वित)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
सुवर्णकांस्योपदुहाःhaving milking-vessels of gold and bell-metal
सुवर्णकांस्योपदुहाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुवर्ण-कांस्य-उपदुह
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेनby that (merit/act)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
लोकनाथO lord of the world
लोकनाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक-नाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भगीरथ उवाच

B
Bhagīratha
P
Puṣkara-tīrtha (Puṣkara)
B
Brāhmaṇas
H
horses
C
cows
M
maidens (kanyās)
J
Jāmbūnada-gold ornaments
C
candrahāra (moon-necklace)
G
Go-sava sacrifice
C
calves (vatsas)
M
milk (payas)
G
gold and bronze milking vessels
L
Lokanātha (honorific addressee)

Educational Q&A

Even immense ritual giving—lavish dāna at a tīrtha and grand sacrificial donations—does not automatically guarantee the highest attainment. The passage stresses humility and implies that something beyond sheer quantity of gifts (such as inner purity, right intention, or higher dharma) is required.

Bhagīratha recounts extraordinary acts of generosity at Puṣkara and during the Go-sava sacrifice—donating vast numbers of horses, cows, and richly adorned maidens, and distributing cows with calves and milking vessels to Brahmins. He then declares that his present attainment was not reached merely through the merit of those deeds, addressing the listener as ‘Lokanātha’.