Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 61
Śama-prāptiḥ — Gautamī–Lubdhaka–Pannaga–Mṛtyu–Kāla-saṃvāda
Restraint through the Analysis of Karma and Time
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच सर्पो3थार्जुनकं प्राह श्रुतं ते मृत्युभाषितम् । नानागसं मां पाशेन संतापयितुमरहसि
Translation
毗湿摩说道：随后，那蛇对阿周那迦说：“你已听见死神所言了吧？既如此，你不该用绳索捆缚我这无辜者，使我受苦。”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्पःthe serpent
सर्पः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अर्जुनकम्Arjunaka (a person addressed)
अर्जुनकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुनक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राहsaid/spoke
प्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+अह्/ब्रू
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
श्रुतम्heard
श्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
मृत्युभाषितम्the words spoken by Death
मृत्युभाषितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु-भाषित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अनागसम्innocent, guiltless
अनागसम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनागस्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
पाशेनwith a noose/bond
पाशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संतापयितुम्to torment, to cause suffering
संतापयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+तप् (causative: संतापय-)
FormInfinitive (तुमुन्)
अर्हसिyou ought/are fit
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes