Shloka 95

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

Devanagari script

दुर्मर्षणो दुर्मुखश्न दुष्कर्ण: कर्ण एव च । चित्रोपचित्रौ चित्राक्षक्षारुक्षित्राड्रदश्ष ह

Transliteration

Durmarṣaṇo Durmukhaś ca Duṣkarṇaḥ Karṇa eva ca | Citropacitrau Citrākṣaḥ Kṣārukṣitro 'dradaśaḥ ||

Translation

毗舍波耶那说道：“其中有杜尔玛尔沙那（Durmarṣaṇa）、杜尔穆卡（Durmukha）、杜什迦尔那（Duṣkarṇa）与迦尔那（Karṇa）；又有奇特罗帕奇特罗（Citropacitra）、奇特拉克沙（Citrākṣa）、刹鲁克希特罗（Kṣārukṣitra）以及阿德拉达沙（Adradaśa）。”

Word by Word

• दुर्मर्षणः: one who is hard to endure/overcome
• दुर्मर्षणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मर्षण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्मुखः: one with an evil face; ill-mouthed
• दुर्मुखः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मुख
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुष्कर्णः: one with bad ears; ill-eared
• दुष्कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुष्कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कर्णः: Karna (proper name)
• कर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed; just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चित्रः: Chitra (proper name); the variegated/bright one
• चित्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपचित्रः: Upachitra (proper name)
• उपचित्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपचित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चित्रौ: the two named Chitra (or: the two bright/variegated ones)
• चित्रौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• चित्राक्षः: one with variegated/bright eyes; Chitraksha (proper name)
• चित्राक्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्राक्ष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चारुक्षित्रः: one having a beautiful field/region; Charukshitra (proper name)
• चारुक्षित्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चारुक्षित्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दृढदंशः: one with firm bite/teeth; Dridhadamsha (proper name)
• दृढदंशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दृढदंश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Durmarṣaṇa
• Durmukha
• Duṣkarṇa
• Karṇa
• Citropacitra (two individuals)
• Citrākṣa
• Kṣārukṣitra
• Adradaśa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse itself is a name-list, but in context it teaches how epic catalogues emphasize the magnitude of responsibility in kṣatriya society: many powerful individuals are named, yet power without dharma becomes a force that accelerates collective ruin.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana is enumerating prominent figures (largely associated with the Kuru/Kaurava side in the broader narrative), continuing a formal catalogue that situates later events by identifying key participants and allies.