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Shloka 130

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

पितुः स्वस्नीयपुत्राय सो5नपत्याय वीर्यवान्‌ । अग्रमग्रे प्रतिज्ञाय स्वस्यापत्यस्य वै तदा,उग्रसेनके फुफेरे भाई कुन्तिभोज संतानहीन थे। पराक्रमी शूरसेनने पहले कभी उनके सामने यह प्रतिज्ञा की थी कि “मैं अपनी पहली संतान आपको दे दूँगा”

pituḥ svasnīya-putrāya so ’napatyāya vīryavān | agram agre pratijñāya svasyāpatyasya vai tadā ||

毗湿摩波衍那说:那位强力之人见父之姊之子无有子嗣,早先便向他立下庄严誓约:“我将把我的长子(初生之子)赠与你。”此事彰显出因亲族之责与怜悯无嗣亲人而立的约誓之不可违,并揭示个人誓愿如何牵动王族世系的命运。

पितुःof (his) father
पितुः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
स्वस्नीय-पुत्रायto the sister's son (nephew)
स्वस्नीय-पुत्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वस्नीयपुत्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनपत्यायto (one) without offspring
अनपत्याय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनपत्य
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
वीर्यवान्valiant, powerful
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अग्रम्the first (offspring)
अग्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अग्रेbefore, in front (of him)
अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रतिज्ञायhaving promised
प्रतिज्ञाय:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), Invariable
स्वस्यof his own
स्वस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootस्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अपत्यस्यof (his) offspring/child
अपत्यस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootअपत्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formtrue
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formtrue

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śūrasena
K
Kuntibhoja

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of a pratijñā (solemn vow): a promise made out of familial responsibility and compassion becomes a binding moral commitment, shaping social and dynastic outcomes.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that the powerful Śūrasena, in response to Kuntibhoja’s childlessness (his father’s sister’s son), had earlier promised to give him his first-born child—setting up the later transfer/adoption that connects Kuntī to Kuntibhoja.