Shloka 10

Jarītā-Śārṅgaka-saṃvādaḥ — The Dialogue of Jaritā and the Śārṅgaka Chicks

Fire-escape deliberation

Devanagari script

न तु केवलदैवेन प्रजा भावेन रेमिरे । यद्‌ बभूव मनःकान्तं कर्मणा स चकार तत्‌

Transliteration

na tu kevaladaivena prajā bhāvena remire | yad babhūva manaḥkāntaṃ karmaṇā sa cakāra tat |

Translation

毗湿摩波耶那说：百姓的欢喜并非只因天命或好运；他们是由心而悦。凡是他们心中所爱之事，国王都以行动使之圆满。因此，他们的满足不仅来自君王应尽的护民之职，更来自对他的由衷信赖与敬奉。

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• केवल: only/merely
• केवल: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: केवल
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• दैवेन: by fate/divine dispensation
• दैवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैव
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• प्रजाः: the subjects/people
• प्रजाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• भावेन: with feeling/affection/devotion
• भावेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• रेमिरे: rejoiced/delighted
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

• यत्: whatever/that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• बभूव: became/was
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• मनःकान्तम्: dear to the mind/pleasing
• मनःकान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनःकान्त
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• कर्मणा: by action/deed
• कर्मणा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चकार: did/performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• prajā (the subjects/people)
• the king (implied; in context identified as Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Public welfare is not secured by 'fortune' alone; it arises from a ruler’s deliberate, ethical action that aligns governance with the genuine needs and well-being of the people, thereby earning their trust and devotion.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator describes the subjects’ happiness under the king: they are not merely passively content due to circumstances, but actively delighted because the king fulfills what is dear to them through concrete deeds, which generates loyalty and devotion.