Shloka 1
Bhīṣma’s Counsel on Reconciliation and Partition (भीष्मोपदेशः—संधि-राज्यविभागविचारः)
> स्मृतियोंमें इष्ट और पूर्तका परिचय इस प्रकार दिया गया है-- अन्निहोत्रं तपः सत्यं वेदानां चानुपालनम् | आतिथ्य॑ वैश्वदेवं च इष्टमित्यभिधीयते ।।
vaiśampāyana uvāca |
smṛtiṣu iṣṭa-pūrta-paricayaḥ evaṃ nirdiśyate—
agnihotraṃ tapaḥ satyaṃ vedānāṃ cānupālanam |
ātithyaṃ vaiśvadevaṃ ca iṣṭam ity abhidhīyate ||
vāpī-kūpa-taḍāgādi devatāyatanāni ca |
anna-pradānam ārāmāḥ pūrtam ity abhidhīyate ||
atra ca śruti-vacanaṃ prasiddham—
ekasya bahvyo jāyā bhavanti, na ekasyai bahavaḥ sahapatayaḥ ||
tataḥ te pāṇḍavāḥ sarve pāñcālyaś ca mahāyaśāḥ |
pratyutthāya mahātmānaṃ kṛṣṇaṃ sarve ’bhyavādayan ||
毗湿摩波耶那说道：在《斯摩利提》传统中，对“伊什塔”(iṣṭa)与“普尔塔”(pūrta)的区分如下：每日火供（阿耆尼火祭，agnihotra）、苦行、真实之言、不断遵行吠陀之戒命、款待宾客，以及献供（bali）与普施众神之礼（vaiśvadeva）——此皆名为“伊什塔”，乃祭祀与自律之功德。至于开凿阶井、井、池塘等，建造奉祀诸天之神庙，施食布施，栽植园林——此皆名为“普尔塔”，乃利济众生、兴建福业之功德。 关于此事，又引一则著名的《天启》（Śruti）之言：“一男子可有多妻；一女子却无多夫。” 随后，在叙事框架中，众般度五子与声名显赫的般遮罗王德鲁帕达一同起身，向大德圣者黑天·岛生者毗耶娑致敬——由此转入对德罗帕蒂非常婚配的议论，以及为其辩护所援引的法（dharma）之理。
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage classifies meritorious action into two dharmic categories: iṣṭa (ritual and disciplined religious duties such as agnihotra, truthfulness, Vedic observance, hospitality, vaiśvadeva) and pūrta (socially beneficial pious works such as water-reservoirs, temples, food-giving, and gardens). It also signals how scriptural authority (Śruti/Smṛti) is invoked when resolving exceptional marital situations.
In the frame narration, after the discussion of dharmic principles and a cited Śruti maxim about marriage norms, the Pāṇḍavas and Drupada rise and pay homage to Vyāsa. This sets the stage for the ensuing deliberations and explanations concerning Draupadī’s marriage and its justification within dharma.