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Shloka 10

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 180 — Svayaṃvara-Virodha and Pāṇḍava Parākrama

Draupadī Episode

यदा तु प्रतिषेद्धारं पापों न लभते क्वचित्‌ | तिष्ठन्ति बहवो लोकास्तदा पापेषु कर्मसु

aurva uvāca |

yadā tu pratiṣeddhāraṃ pāpo na labhate kvacit |

tiṣṭhanti bahavo lokās tadā pāpeṣu karmasu ||

奥尔瓦说道:“然而当作恶之人处处找不到能约束他的人时,许多人便会执著于罪恶之行;因为不义一旦无人遏止,便会在民众中蔓延。”

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
Formtemporal adverb
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formparticle
प्रतिषेद्धारम्a restrainer/one who prevents
प्रतिषेद्धारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिषेद्धृ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पापःa sinner/evil person
पापः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formnegation
लभतेobtains/finds
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formpresent, indicative, 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada (ātmanepada usage also common; here treated as parasmaipada-style meaning 'obtains')
क्वचित्anywhere/ever
क्वचित्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्वचित्
Formadverb
तिष्ठन्तिstand/remain; (here) take to/engage in
तिष्ठन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formpresent, indicative, 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada
बहवःmany
बहवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
लोकाःpeople
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formtemporal adverb
पापेषुin sinful (acts/things)
पापेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
Formneuter, locative, plural
कर्मसुin actions/deeds
कर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, plural
पुलस्त्यःPulastya
पुलस्त्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुलस्त्य
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formparticle
वधात्from/at (the occasion of) the killing
वधात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवध
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
तेषाम्of those
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formgenitive, plural (gender-contextual)
रक्षसाम्of the rākṣasas/demons
रक्षसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
Formneuter, genitive, plural
भरतर्षभO bull of the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formperfect, 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वचःspeech/words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
पार्थO Pārtha
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
पराशरम्to Parāśara / Parāśara (as object addressed/mentioned)
पराशरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपराशर
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अरिंदमम्foe-subduing
अरिंदमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअरिंदम
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

ऑर्व उवाच

A
Aurva

Educational Q&A

Wrongdoing multiplies when there is no effective restraint. Ethical order (dharma) depends not only on personal virtue but also on the presence of deterrence—social, moral, or authoritative—that checks harmful impulses.

Aurva delivers a moral observation within the ongoing discourse: when a sinner encounters no opposition or correction, many people become emboldened and continue in sinful conduct. The verse functions as a warning about the societal spread of unpunished or unchallenged adharma.