Kurma Purana — Uttara Bhaga, Shloka 29

Dharma of Non-Injury, Non-Stealing, Purity, and Avoidance of Hypocrisy (Ācāra and Saṅkarya-Nivṛtti)

Devanagari script

सहाध्यायस्तु दशमः सहयाजनमेव च / एकादश समुद्दिष्टा दोषाः साङ्कर्यसंज्ञिताः

Transliteration

sahādhyāyastu daśamaḥ sahayājanameva ca / ekādaśa samuddiṣṭā doṣāḥ sāṅkaryasaṃjñitāḥ

Translation

第十种过失是“合诵”，即不如法地把课业混合诵读；同样还有“合祭”，即不如法地混杂祭祀（yajña）之职分。以上十一种过失已被宣说，总名为“saṅkarya”——由混杂而生的紊乱。

Word by Word

• सहाध्यायः: the joint-recitation (with another)
• सहाध्यायः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सह-अध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सह + अध्याय)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात/particle (contrast/emphasis)

• दशमः: tenth
• दशमः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक विशेषण (ordinal)

• सहयाजनम्: joint-sacrificing (with another)
• सहयाजनम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सह-याजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सह + याजन)

• एव: only/indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/particle (emphasis)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/ conjunction

• एकादश: eleven
• एकादश: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकादश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; (here) पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचनार्थे (agreeing with doṣāḥ)

• समुद्दिष्टाः: enumerated/indicated
• समुद्दिष्टाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-उद्-√दिश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• दोषाः: faults/defects
• दोषाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• साङ्कर्यसंज्ञिताः: called ‘sāṅkarya’ (mixing/contamination)
• साङ्कर्यसंज्ञिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साङ्कर्य-संज्ञित (प्रातिपदिक; संज्ञित = √ज्ञा + क्त)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (साङ्कर्य + संज्ञित); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing sages/disciples on dharma and ritual discipline (adhyayana-yajana conduct)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma
• Vishnu
• Veda
• Yajna
• Dharma

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it stresses dharmic discipline—clarity and non-confusion in study and ritual—which the Purana treats as a prerequisite purification for higher knowledge (jñāna) of the Self.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No direct meditation method is taught in this verse; it highlights preparatory purity (niyama-like discipline) by avoiding saṅkarya—mixing that disrupts mantra, rite, and mental steadiness needed for later Yoga and jñāna.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not name Shiva explicitly; in the Kurma Purana’s synthesis, Vishnu-as-Kurma teaches dharma that supports both Vaiṣṇava devotion and Śaiva/Pāśupata-oriented sādhanā by emphasizing correct practice and inner clarity.