Shloka 4

Visarpa Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa

Causes, Types, and Prognosis of Rapidly Spreading Eruptive Disorders

Devanagari script

तृष्णाभियोगाद्वेगानां विषमाच्च प्रवर्तनात् / आशु चाग्निबलभ्रंशादतो बाह्यं विसर्पयेत्

Transliteration

tṛṣṇābhiyogādvegānāṃ viṣamācca pravartanāt / āśu cāgnibalabhraṃśādato bāhyaṃ visarpayet

Translation

由于强烈口渴的逼迫，由于诸生理冲动的发动失衡不正，又由于消化之火（agni）与体力骤然衰弱，名为“蔓延疮”（visarpa）的病便迅速向体表外散而蔓延。

Word by Word

• तृष्णाभियोगात्: from the assault of thirst
• तृष्णाभियोगात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक) + अभियोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (तृष्णायाः अभियोगः)

• वेगानाम्: of urges/impulses
• वेगानाम्: Sambandha (Possession/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• विषमात्: from irregularity
• विषमात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; ‘विषम’ = irregularity

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• प्रवर्तनात्: from activity/setting in motion
• प्रवर्तनात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवर्तन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Sambandha (Manner/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अग्निबलभ्रंशात्: from decline of digestive fire/strength
• अग्निबलभ्रंशात्: Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) + भ्रंश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अग्नेः बलस्य भ्रंशः)

• अतः: therefore
• अतः: Sambandha (Inference/निगमन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अतः (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (therefore)

• बाह्यम्: outward/external
• बाह्यम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत्/कर्मपद (object-complement)

• विसर्पयेत्: should cause to spread / should spread outward
• विसर्पयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-√सृप् (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिजन्त (causative)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Regulation of bodily urges and maintenance of agni/bala are protective; their disturbance precipitates rapid disease spread.

Vedantic Theme: Self-governance (niyama) over impulses as a means to reduce duḥkha; harmony of inner fire as sustaining order.

Application: Maintain hydration appropriately, avoid compulsive thirst states; follow healthy elimination/urge routines (no suppression or erratic forcing); protect digestive fire through diet and rest to prevent rapid outward spread of disease.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.163.1-3 (nidāna, locus, doṣa spread)

Characters & Entities

• Agni (digestive fire)

FAQs

What is the importance of agni (digestive fire) in this Garuda Purana verse?

It states that when agni and bodily strength suddenly decline, visarpa can manifest and spread rapidly, showing agni as a key protective factor.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

This verse is medical rather than afterlife-focused; it teaches bodily discipline (control of urges, balanced habits) as part of dharmic living.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Avoid suppressing or forcing natural urges, maintain hydration sensibly, and protect digestion through regular diet and routine to reduce inflammatory skin/spreading disorders.