Shloka 83

Vishnu-sahasranāma-style Japa: Vishnu as Cosmic Cause and Inner Self

Antaryāmin

Devanagari script

चक्रधृक् चञ्चलश्चैव(४९०) चलाचलविवर्जितः / अहं कारोपमाश्चित्तं गगनं पृथिवी जलम्

Transliteration

cakradhṛk cañcalaścaiva(490) calācalavivarjitaḥ / ahaṃ kāropamāścittaṃ gaganaṃ pṛthivī jalam

Translation

祂是执持神轮（Cakra）者；祂亦恒常运转，却超越动与不动。心识——如同“我执”（ahaṃkāra）——被说为虚空、大地与诸水。

Word by Word

• चक्रधृक्: bearing the discus
• चक्रधृक्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चक्र (प्रातिपदिक) + धृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (धारयति इति धृ-धातोः क्विप्/क्विन्-प्रत्ययान्तः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (चक्रं धारयति)

• चञ्चलः: restless, fickle
• चञ्चलः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चञ्चल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• चलाचलविवर्जितः: free from the moving and the unmoving
• चलाचलविवर्जितः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चल (प्रातिपदिक) + अचल (प्रातिपदिक) + वि + वर्ज् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: कृदन्त (वर्ज्-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (चलाचलयोः विवर्जितः = चल-अचल-रहितः)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष-सूचक, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; लिङ्ग-अनिश्चित (pronoun)

• कारोपमाः: having the likeness of ‘kāra’ (the syllable)
• कारोपमाः: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कार (प्रातिपदिक) + उपमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (कारस्य उपमा = कारोपमा)

• चित्तम्: mind, consciousness
• चित्तम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• गगनम्: sky
• गगनम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गगन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

• पृथिवी: earth
• पृथिवी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• जलम्: water
• जलम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in discourse to Garuda/Vinatā-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: The Lord (cakradhṛk) is beyond the categories of moving/immoving while pervading mind and the elements; the ‘I’-sense (ahaṅkāra) and citta are presented as cosmically expansive.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara’s immanence and transcendence; adhyāsa of ‘I’ on mind; elements as manifestations within consciousness (a non-dual-leaning cosmology).

Application: Use the verse as a meditation: observe the ‘I’-sense in citta, then contemplate the same Reality pervading space/earth/water; reduce identification with motion/change.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.15 (Vishnu-nama/guṇa enumeration context)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu (implied by cakradhṛk)

FAQs

What is the importance of ahaṃkāra (ego-sense) in Garuda Purana?

This verse links citta with ahaṃkāra, indicating that the sense of ‘I’ conditions perception and can make the mind project reality in elemental terms (sky, earth, water), so transcending ego is central to spiritual clarity.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By stressing freedom from ‘moving and unmoving’ and identifying mind with ego-like conditioning, it points to inner detachment and purification of citta as prerequisites for the soul’s liberation-oriented understanding.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Practice observing the ‘I’-sense in thoughts (ahaṃkāra) and reduce reactive restlessness (cañcala) through disciplined conduct and meditation, aiming for steadiness that is not bound by changing external states.