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Shloka 28

Nītisāra: Virtuous Association, Household Dharma, and Kāla (Time) as the Supreme Regulator

Devanagari script

सक्तिः सुतोके सुकृतं कृतघ्ने शतिं च वह्नौ (सीतापहौ ह्यतपयैव)?हैमे / उत्पद्यते दैववशात्कदाचिद्वेश्यासु रागो न भवेत्कदाचित्

Transliteration

saktiḥ sutoke sukṛtaṃ kṛtaghne śatiṃ ca vahnau (sītāpahau hyatapayaiva)?haime / utpadyate daivavaśātkadācidveśyāsu rāgo na bhavetkadācit

Translation

执著甚至会对自己的孩子生起；功德甚至会在忘恩之人身上显现；清凉甚至可在火中见到；而有时因业力与命运之势，情欲会对娼伎生起——有时却又全然不生。

Word by Word
सक्तिःattachment, clinging
सक्तिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन; भाववाचक-संज्ञा
सुतोकेin/for one’s child/offspring
सुतोके:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुतोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन
सुकृतम्good deed, merit
सुकृतम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसु-कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; समासः—उपपद-तत्पुरुष (सु + कृत)
कृतघ्नेin/for an ungrateful person
कृतघ्ने:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकृतघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (कृतस्य घ्नः = कृतघ्नः)
शतिम्a hundredfold measure / hundred
शतिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
वह्नौin fire
वह्नौ:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन
उत्पद्यतेarises, is produced
उत्पद्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउत्+पद् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद
दैववशात्due to fate’s control
दैववशात्:
Hetu (Cause/हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदैव-वश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी-अर्थे अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; समासः—तत्पुरुष (दैवस्य वशः); तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb)
कदाचित्sometimes
कदाचित्:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित् (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (adverb of time)
वेश्यasuin/among prostitutes
वेश्यasu:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवेश्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), बहुवचन
रागःpassion, attachment
रागः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन
नnot
न:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
भवेत्may be / would occur
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
कदाचित्sometimes
कदाचित्:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित् (अव्यय)
Formकाल-अव्यय (adverb of time)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Daiva (fate) and the instability of raga/dvesha; worldly emotions and moral qualities can arise contrary to expectation.

Vedantic Theme: Anityatva of mental modifications (vrittis) and the unreliability of samsaric attachments; impetus toward vairagya.

Application: Do not build life-decisions solely on fluctuating attraction/aversion; cultivate discernment and steadiness through self-observation and ethical restraint.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana (Preta-khanda): teachings on anityata, vairagya, and the fickleness of desire preceding death-awareness passages

FAQs

This verse highlights that attraction and aversion can manifest unpredictably due to daiva, reminding seekers to cultivate discernment and not justify actions merely by impulse.

By pointing to the volatility of rāga and attachment, it implies that uncontrolled desires shape karma, which in turn conditions post-death outcomes described elsewhere in the Garuda Purana.

Treat desires as transient; practice restraint (saṃyama), choose dharmic actions consistently, and avoid rationalizing harmful conduct as “inevitable.”

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