Shloka 4

प्लक्षद्वीपवर्णनम्

Description of Plakṣa-dvīpa

Devanagari script

कृत एव च दुर्भिक्षं जराव्याधिभयं कुतः / तत्रापि पर्वताः पुण्याः सप्तैव मणिभूषणाः

Transliteration

kṛta eva ca durbhikṣaṃ jarāvyādhibhayaṃ kutaḥ / tatrāpi parvatāḥ puṇyāḥ saptaiva maṇibhūṣaṇāḥ

Translation

彼处仿佛从无饥馑；老迈与疾病之惧又从何来？其地亦有七座福德圣山，皆以宝珠为饰。

Word by Word

• kṛte: in the Kṛta age
• kṛte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ कृ, क्त)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in the Kṛta (yuga)’

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)

• durbhikṣam: famine
• durbhikṣam: Karta (कर्ता) (elliptic: ‘where is…?’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durbhikṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• jarā-vyādhi-bhayam: fear of old age and disease
• jarā-vyādhi-bhayam: Karta (कर्ता) (elliptic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jarā (प्रातिपदिक) + vyādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: ‘fear of old age and disease’

• kutaḥ: whence/how could there be?
• kutaḥ: Prashna (प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutas (अव्यय/प्रश्न)
• Form: Interrogative adverb (प्रश्न-अव्यय)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक-अव्यय)

• api: also
• api: Emphasis/Samuccaya (बल/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) meaning ‘also/even’

• parvatāḥ: mountains
• parvatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (existential)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• puṇyāḥ: holy
• puṇyāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of parvatāḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sapta: seven
• sapta: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sapta (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (Indeclinable numeral used adjectivally) Number adjective qualifying parvatāḥ; understood Nominative Plural Masculine agreement by sense

• eva: just/only
• eva: Emphasis (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)

• maṇi-bhūṣaṇāḥ: (mountains) adorned with jewels
• maṇi-bhūṣaṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of parvatāḥ
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṇi (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); bahuvrīhi: ‘having jewels as ornaments’ qualifying parvatāḥ