Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 13
Kāla-vibhāga: The Divisions of Time from Atom to Brahmā, and the Lord Beyond Time
ग्रहर्क्षताराचक्रस्थ: परमाण्वादिना जगत् । संवत्सरावसानेन पर्येत्यनिमिषो विभु: ॥ १३ ॥
graharkṣa-tārā-cakra-sthaḥ paramāṇv-ādinā jagat saṁvatsarāvasānena paryety animiṣo vibhuḥ
宇宙中诸行星、星宿、群星、光体乃至微尘原子，皆在各自轨道中旋转；这一切都在至上主的指引下运行，祂以永恒之时（kāla）为代表，使其完成一岁之轮（saṁvatsara）。
In the Brahma-saṁhitā it is stated that the sun is the eye of the Supreme and it rotates in its particular orbit of time. Similarly, beginning from the sun down to the atom, all bodies are under the influence of the kāla-cakra, or the orbit of eternal time, and each of them has a scheduled orbital time of one saṁvatsara.
FAQs
This verse states that the all-pervading Lord, described as “unblinking” and “almighty,” governs the movement of the universe—from the atom upward—within the celestial wheel of planets, constellations, and stars, completing its cycle over a year.
He is teaching Parīkṣit Mahārāja how time is measured and experienced in the cosmos, showing that astronomical cycles operate under the Supreme Lord’s supervision rather than independently.
By seeing time as the Lord’s orderly energy, one becomes more mindful and devotional—using each day and season to remember God, practice bhakti steadily, and avoid wasting life in distraction.