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Srimad Bhagavatam — Navama Skandha, Shloka 12

Yayāti, Devayānī, Śarmiṣṭhā, and the Exchange of Youth: The Unsatisfied Nature of Desire

यैरिदं तपसा सृष्टं मुखं पुंस: परस्य ये । धार्यते यैरिह ज्योति: शिव: पन्था: प्रदर्शित: ॥ १२ ॥ यान् वन्दन्त्युपतिष्ठन्ते लोकनाथा: सुरेश्वरा: । भगवानपि विश्वात्मा पावन: श्रीनिकेतन: ॥ १३ ॥ वयं तत्रापि भृगव: शिष्योऽस्या न: पितासुर: । अस्मद्धार्यं धृतवती शूद्रो वेदमिवासती ॥ १४ ॥

yair idaṁ tapasā sṛṣṭaṁ mukhaṁ puṁsaḥ parasya ye dhāryate yair iha jyotiḥ śivaḥ panthāḥ pradarśitaḥ

我们属于合格的婆罗门,被认为是至尊人格首神的面孔。婆罗门通过苦行创造了整个宇宙,他们始终将绝对真理保存在内心深处。他们指引了幸运之路,即吠陀文明之路。因为他们是这个世界上唯一值得崇拜的对象,甚至连伟大的半神人和至尊人格首神本人也向他们祈祷和崇拜。而且我们更受尊敬,因为我们属于婆利古(Bhṛgu)王朝。然而,尽管这个女人的父亲身为阿修罗,是我们的弟子,她却穿上了我的衣服,就像一个首陀罗窃取了吠陀知识一样。

yaiḥby whom/with whom
yaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन) — relative pronoun
idamthis
idam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) — demonstrative pronoun
tapasāby austerity
tapasā:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular — means/instrument
sṛṣṭamcreated
sṛṣṭam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsṛj (धातु) → sṛṣṭa (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Neuter, Nominative, Singular; agrees with idam
mukhammouth
mukham:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular
puṁsaḥof the person
puṁsaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootpumān (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
parasyaof the Supreme
parasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular; qualifies puṁsaḥ
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Plural — relative pronoun
dhāryateis borne/sustained
dhāryate:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootdhṛ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Passive voice (कर्मणि), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
yaiḥby whom
yaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural — relative pronoun
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
FormIndeclinable adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
jyotiḥlight/splendor
jyotiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootjyotis (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st), Singular
śivaḥauspicious
śivaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootśiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular; used adjectivally with panthāḥ
panthāḥpath
panthāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpathin/panthan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular (irregular stem panthan)
pradarśitaḥshown/pointed out
pradarśitaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra+diś/dṛś (धातु) → pradarśita (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; agrees with panthāḥ
S
Supreme Person (Paramātmā / Puruṣa)

FAQs

This verse praises brāhmaṇas as those who uphold the ‘light’ of sacred knowledge and reveal the auspicious path of dharma, functioning like the mouth of the Supreme Person by guiding society through wisdom and austerity.

In the Yayāti narrative, the king acknowledges that true guidance and the preservation of dharma come through the spiritually disciplined brāhmaṇas, so he offers reverence to their authority and purity.

By living with self-discipline, studying sacred texts, speaking truthfully, and using knowledge to guide one’s actions toward dharma and devotion rather than mere convenience.